What is a VPN?
A Virtual Private Network is a type of a connection that connects remote user s to their central office using internet. An IPSEC VPN is virtual tunnel through your public ISP network. VPN are highly encrypted and secure connections.
how to setup a vpn on Cisco:
Here we shall see VPN site to site CLI configuration on GNS3, It’s not so much the commands.
I shall divide these configurations into few parts to make it easy to understand i.e.
1. Define isakmp policy and transform set:
Isakam is the protocol that allow all of keys exchange to happen automatically no need to manually configure the VPN. In this step we shall define authentication type, encryption type, hash. Lifetime and define what session keys are used.
2. Create an ACl
Define interesting traffic using an access control list, this ACL is not for deny or permitting some IP addresses but it just says which addresses are encrypted
3. Set up cryto Map and assign this to interface:
In this step we shall tie up all piece so that we can apply to an interface
For site to site VPN configuration I have created the following lab in gns3, in this US and Pakistan are our end site routers and IPS cloud is representing the internet cloud but don’t confuse with this cloud this is a simple router with 7200 series IOS, I have changed the router symbol from gns3/edit/symbol manager to give real environment look to my topology. Complete configurations are given below.
Us site config:
US(config)#int s1/0
US(config-if)#ip address 50.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
US(config-if)#no shut
US(config)#int loop 1
US (config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
US(config)#router rip
US(config-router)#version 2
US(config-router)#network 10.1.1.0
US(config-router)#network 50.0.0.0
US(config-router)#no auto-summary
Step-1 :
US(config)#crypto isakmp policy 7
US(config-isakmp)#authentication pre-share
US(config-isakmp)#encryption aes 128
US(config-isakmp)#group 2
US(config-isakmp)#hash sha
US(config-isakmp)#lifetime 100
US(config-isakmp)#ex
US(config)#crypto isakmp key 0 vpnkey address 192.168.1.1 no-xauth
US(config)#crypto ipsec transform-set vpntrans esp-aes 128 esp-sha-hmac
Step-2
US(config)#ip access-list extended vpn-acl
US(config-ext-nacl)# permit ip 50.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
Step-3
US(config)#crypto map vpn-map 10 ipsec-isakmp
US(config-crypto-map)#set peer 192.168.1.1
US(config-crypto-map)#match address vpn-acl
US(config-crypto-map)#set transform-set vpntrans
US(config)#int s1/0
US(config-if)#cry
US(config-if)#crypto map vpn-map
ISP configuration:
ISP#conf t
ISP(config)#int s1/0
ISP(config-if)#ip add 50.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
ISP(config-if)#no shut
ISP(config-if)#ex
ISP(config)#int s1/1
ISP(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
ISP(config-if)#no shut
ISP(config)#router ri
ISP(config-router)#version 2
ISP(config-router)#network 50.0.0.0
ISP(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0
ISP(config-router)#no auto-summaryPakistan site config:
Step-1 :
Pakistan#conf t
Pakistan(config)#crypto isakmp policy 7
Pakistan(config-isakmp)# authentication pre-share
Pakistan(config-isakmp)#encryption aes 128
Pakistan(config-isakmp)#encryption aes 128
Pakistan(config-isakmp)# group 2
Pakistan(config-isakmp)# lifetime 100
Pakistan(config-isakmp)#crypto isakmp key 0 vpnkey address 50.0.0.1 no-xauth
Pakistan(cfg-crypto-trans)#ex
Pakistan(config)#crypto ipsec transform-set vpntrans esp-aes esp-sha-hmac
Step-2
Pakistan(config)#ip access-list extended vpn-acl
Pakistan(config-ext-nacl)# permit ip 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 50.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
Pakistan(config-ext-nacl)#ex
Step-3
Pakistan(cfg-crypto-trans)#crypto map vpn-map 10 ipsec-isakmp
Pakistan(config-crypto-map)# set peer 50.0.0.1
Pakistan(config-crypto-map)# set transform-set vpntrans
Pakistan(config-crypto-map)# match address vpn-acl
Pakistan(config)#interface Serial1/0
Pakistan(config-if)#crypto map vpn-map
Site to site VPN verfication Commands:
Show crypto isakam sa
Show crypto ipsec sa
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